![]() Russia claimed sovereignty over the archipelago in 1914, and the Soviet Union formally annexed the islands on 15 April 1926, making it part of Arkhangelsk Oblast. Russian expeditions, starting with the icebreaker Yrmark in 1901, began visiting the area and conducted increasing amounts of scientific research alongside their exploration activities. Although often poorly organized and unsuccessful at reaching their ultimate goal, these expeditions further explored the islands. The first, carried out by Walter Wellman in 1898, was followed the next year by the voyage of the Stella Polare then from 1901 to 1905 the Ziegler Polar Expedition took place. The next series of expeditions used the archipelago as a base for attempts to reach the North Pole. This was the first landing on the ice in the near vicinity of the North Pole.įor more information: WHO WAS FIRST AT THE NORTH POLEĪlso recommended: Mikhail Vodopyanov's book, WINGS OVER THE ARCTIC Vodopyanov was the pilot of the first plane to fly from Rudolf Island and land near the North Pole.įor weather from Tikhaya Bay, Hooker Island, click here.Archipelago in the Arctic Ocean, Barents Sea and Kara Sea Map of Franz Josef Land In 1937, the Russian SP-1 expedition established a base on Rudolf Island prior to flying in four 4-engine cargo planes to the North Pole for the purpose of establishing a drifting ice station near the pole. During this flight the Graf Zeppelin reached its northernmost point, Rudolf Island approximately 500 nautical miles from the North Pole.įor more information: THE 1931 POLAR FLIGHT OF THE AIRSHIP GRAF ZEPPELIN Following the exchange of mail, the Graf Zeppelin undertook an extensive aerial survey and mapping of Franz Josef Land. In 1931, the German airship Graf Zeppelin made an historic exchange of mail with the Russian icebreaker Malygin at Tikhaya Bay on Hooker Island, then the site of the world's most northerly weather station. Albanov and a sole surviving companion eventually made their way to Cape Flora where they were rescued by a passing ship.įor more information: IN THE LAND OF THE WHITE DEATH The Russian navigator Valarian Albanov who described in a recently published translation of his book, In the Land of the White Death, a harrowing 1914 trek across the ice from the Russian ship Santa Ana ice-locked for two years north of Franz Josef Land. Some other names associated with Franz Josef Land include: Several other early expeditions that surveyed and mapped Franz Josef Land include: ![]() As a result of this encounter, Jackson was able to return Nansen and Johansen safely to civilization.įor more information: Nansen's classic book FARTHEST NORTH is recommended. In the spring of 1897, a memorable chance meeting took place at Cape Flora, Northbrook Island between Nansen and the British explorer Frederick Jackson of the 1894-97 Jackson-Harmsworth expedition. ![]() The Arctic Ocean and traveling by dogsled to 86✡3'N, a record farthest north. In 1886, the Norwegians Fritjof Nansen and Hjalmar Johansen returned to Franz Josef Land after leaving the ship Fram at 84ºN in The 1872-74 Austro-Hungarian Weyprcht-Payer expedition discovered the island group in 1873 and named it after the Austrian Emperor Francis Joseph I. Map Copyright © PolarFlight Research Group 2002įranz Josef Land is an archipelago of approximately 100 or so islands lying roughly between latitudes 80 and 82 degrees North. ![]()
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